Red Squirrel

 

Beauty Of Animal | Red Squirrel | The red squirrel is somewhat smaller than the eastern grey squirrel which has a head-and-body length of 25 to 30 cm (9.5 to 12 in) and weighs between 400 and 800 g (14 oz to 1.8 lb) The coat of the red squirrel varies in colour with time of year and location. There are several different coat colour morphs ranging from black to red.  The underside of the squirrel is always white-cream in colour. The red squirrel sheds its coat twice a year, switching from a thinner summer coat to a thicker, darker winter coat with noticeably larger ear-tufts (a prominent distinguishing feature of this species) between August and November. A lighter, redder overall coat colour, along with the larger ear-tufts (in adults) and much smaller size, distinguish the Eurasian red squirrel from the American eastern grey squirrel.

The red squirrel, like most tree squirrels, has sharp, curved claws to enable it to climb and descend broad tree trunks, thin branches and even house walls. Its strong hind legs enable it to leap gaps between trees.The red squirrel also has the ability to swim.

Usually multiple males will chase a single female until the dominant male, usually the largest in the group, mates with the female. Males and females will mate multiple times with many partners. Females must reach a minimum body mass before they enter œstrus, and heavy females on average produce more young.
breeding may be delayed. Typically a female will produce her first litter in her

Ecology and behaviour

The red squirrel is found in both coniferous forest and temperate broadleaf woodlands.  The red squirrel is a solitary animal and is shy and reluctant to share food with others. However, outside the breeding season and particularly in winter, several red squirrels may share a drey to keep warm. The active period for the red squirrel is in the morning and in the late afternoon and evening. . The red fox, cats and dogs can prey upon the red squirrel when it is on the ground. Humans influence the population size and mortality of the red squirrel by destroying or altering habitats, by causing road casualties, and by controlling populations of grey squirrels.

The red squirrel is protected in most of Europe, as it is listed in Appendix III of the Bern Convention; it is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. Eradication of the grey squirrel from the North Wales Island of Anglesey began in January 1998. This facilitated the natural recovery of the small remnant red squirrel population and was followed by the successful reintroduction of the red squirrel into the pine stands of Newborough Forest.  Subsequent reintroductions into broadleaved woodland followed and today the island has the single largest red squirrel population in Wales. Brownsea Island in Poole Harbour is also populated by exclusively red squirrels (approximately 200 individuals).

Mainland initiatives in Southern Scotland and the North of England also rely upon grey squirrel control as the cornerstone of red squirrel conservation strategy.  This programme is administered by the Grampian Squirrel Society, with an aim of protecting the red squirrel; the programme centres on the Banchory and Cults areas. In 2008, the Scottish Wildlife Trust announced a four year project which commenced in the spring of 2009 called "Saving Scotland's Red Squirrels" A significant drop in red squirrel populations in the area has been observed since 1970, and it is feared that the eastern grey squirrel may expand into the rest of Europe.

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Amami Rabbit

 

Beauty Of Animal | Amami Rabbit | The Amami Rabbit (Pentalagus furnessi,. Amami, Amamino kuro usagi, lit "Amami black rabbit levels"), also known as the Ryukyu Rabbit, is a primitive dark-furred rabbit, which found only in Amami Oshima and Toku-no-Shima, two small islands between southern Kyushu and Okinawa in Kagoshima Prefecture (but actually closer to Okinawa) in Japan.

Distribution, Habitat, Behavior

The ideal habitat for these rabbits in an area between mature and young forests. With fecal pellet counts and resident surveys, the number of rabbits is at 2000-4800 on Amami Island Iceland and 120-300 on Tokuno links links appreciated. Amami Rabbits sleep during the day in hidden places, like caves. Amami Rabbits are also noted for the production call noises that sound something like the call of a pika.

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Chordata
Class:         Mammalia
Order:         Lagomorpha
Family:     Leporidae
Genus:         Pentalagus
        Lyon, 1904
Species:     P. furnessi

Endangered Species
Before 1921 Hunters and trappers were another cause of decline in population numbers. In 1921, Japan declared the Amami rabbit in a "natural monument" that prevents it from being hunted.  Destruction of habitats, such as forest clearing for commercial logging, agriculture and residential space, is the most harmful activity on the distribution of these rabbits. Because these rabbits prefer the habitat of mature and young forests, they do not only mature forests grow untouched by destruction, but they do not thrive in newly emerging forests alone either.

Conservation

In July 2008, the Amami Rangers won for nature protection is a photo of a feral cat is wearing a rabbit's body (rabbit fur and bones in cat or dog excrement found already proved), and then steer discussions about better ways to pets. There is a small area of the island of Amami, Amami Gunto that has quasi-national park that protects more of the population. There have been attempts by some in the restoration of habitats, but the Amami rabbit needs a mosaic of mature and young forest, which is nearby, and when a young forest is nowhere grown in the vicinity of a mature forest, the rabbit not likely to inhabit is.

Recommended conservation measures for the future includes the restoration of habitat and predator population control. A healthy balance between mature and young forests or on the southern end of the Amami exist be held so that the area would be protected by a good start. Restrict logging will also help to keep more of the forest for the rabbits to live by in more standing forest and disturbance of the environment more.  Was controlling the populations of mongoose, wild dogs and feral cats is another approach, which help strengthen the rabbit population. . It endangers restart a mongoose eradication program in 2005 and refers to the Amami rabbit than in 2004 for Japan.

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Ocelot

Beauty Of Animal | Ocelot | Twice as big as the average house cat, the ocelot is a sleek animal with a beautiful spotted fur. These largely nocturnal cats use keen sight and hearing to hunt rabbits, rodents, iguanas, fish and frogs. The ocelot ranges from 68 to 100 centimeters (27 to 39 in) in length, plus 26 to 45 cm long (10 to 18 in) in the tail and usually weighs 8-18 kg (18-40 lb), although much larger individuals was recorded occasionally, and thus the largest of the dainty Leopardus wild cat species. It has slender, smooth fur, round ears and relatively large paws. The coat pattern of the ocelot may vary, since everything from cream to reddish-brown in color, sometimes gray, and marked with black 

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Chordata
Class:         Mammalia
Order:         Carnivora
Family:     Felidae
Genus:         Leopardus
Species:     L. pardalis

 

The Ocelot is mostly nocturnal and very territorial. . Men occupy areas from 3.5 to 46 square kilometers (1.4 to 18 sq km), while females occupy smaller, non-overlapping areas from 0.8 to 15 square kilometers (0.31 to 5.8 km ²). Ocelots hunt over an area of 18 km2 (6.9 square miles), with mainly small mammals (various rodents), reptiles and amphibians (lizards, turtles and frogs), crabs, birds and fish. Almost all of the loot, the Ocelot hunts is much smaller than itself, with rodents, rabbits and possums are the largest part of the food is. studies suggest that it follows and finds prey via odor trails, but the Ocelot also has very good visibility, even at night

Ocelots typically breed only once every two years, although the female can mate again ready shortly after the loss of a litter. . The small litter size and relative rarity of the breed make ocelot particularly vulnerable to population loss. Compared with other small cats, ocelot kittens grow very slowly. . Ocelots live up to 20 years in captivity

 

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Ferret

Beauty Of Animal | Ferret | The ferret is a domesticated mammal of the type Mustela putorius furo. Ferrets are sexually dimorphic predators with males being substantially larger than females. Several other small, elongated carnivorous mammals belonging to the family Mustelidae (weasels) also have the word ferret in their common names, including an endangered species, the Black-footed Ferret.

Being so closely related to polecats, ferrets are quite easily able to hybridize with them, and this has occasionally resulted in feral colonies of polecat-ferret hybrids that have been perceived to have caused damage to native fauna, perhaps most notably in New Zealand. As a result, some parts of the world have imposed restrictions on the keeping of ferrets. Ferrets have a long and slender body covered with brown, black, white, or mixed fur . Average length is 20 inches including a 5-inch tail.

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Chordata
Class:         Mammalia
Order:         Carnivora
Family:     Mustelidae
Genus:         Mustela
Species:     M. putorius
Subspecies:     M. p. furo

Behavior
Ferrets are crepuscular, which means they spend 14–18 hours a day asleep and are most active around the hours of dawn and dusk. Unlike their polecat ancestors, which are solitary animals, most ferrets will live happily in social groups. A group of ferrets is commonly referred to as a "business."

Like many other carnivores, ferrets have scent glands near their anus, the secretions from which are used in scent marking. It has been reported that ferrets can recognize individuals from these anal gland secretions, as well as the sex of unfamiliar individuals. Ferrets may also use urine marking for sex and individual recognition. Most pet ferrets in the US are sold de-scented (anal glands removed). In many other parts of the world, including the UK and other European countries, de-scenting is considered an unnecessary mutilation.

 

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Emperor Penguin

Beauty Of Animal | Emperor Penguin | Emperor penguins are the largest of all the average bird stands some 45 inches (115 centimeters) tall. The Emperor (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species and is endemic to the Antarctic. The only penguin species that breeds during the Antarctic winter, it treks can 50-120 km (31-75 miles) above the ice to breeding colonies of thousands of individuals.Together with the similarly colored, but smaller King Penguin (A. patagonicus) The Emperor Penguin is one of two extant species in the genus Aptenodytes.

The adult Emperor penguin stands up to 122 cm (48 inches) tall. The weight ranges from 22.7 to 45.4 kg (50-100 lb) and varies depending on gender, with males weighing more than women. The weight varies depending on the season, as male and female penguins lose substantial mass while raising hatchlings and incubating eggs. To resist a male emperor penguin must protect the Antarctic cold for more than two months, its eggs from extreme cold. During this time he does not eat anything. Most male penguins around 12 kg (26 lb), whilst they wait for their babies to hatch.

 

The black plumage is sharply delineated by the bright plumage elsewhere. The Emperor Penguin Chick is usually with silver-gray below, and covered with a black head and white mask. The emperor penguin is dark brown plumage disappears until November to February, before the annual molt in January and February. Moulting is rapid in this species compared to other birds, with only about 34 days. Emperor Penguin feathers emerge from the skin after they have grown a third of their total length, and will be lost before old feathers to reduce heat losses.

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Chordata
Class:         Aves
Order:         Sphenisciformes
Family:     Spheniscidae
Genus:         Aptenodytes
Species:     A. forsteri

The average annual survival of emperor penguins has been measured at 95.1%, with an average life expectancy of 19.9 years. The same researchers estimated that 1% of emperor penguins hatched achieve a realistic age of 50 years.

The emperor penguin breeds in the coldest area of ​​bird species, air temperatures can reach -40 ° C (-40 ° F) and wind speeds can reach 144 km / h (89 mph). The water temperature is a frigid -1.8 ° C (28.8 ° F), which is significantly lower than the average body of the emperor penguin, the temperature of 39 ° C (102 ° F). . With around 100 feathers covering one square inch (15 feathers per cm2), it has the highest density of spring birds.

The Emperor Penguin is able to thermoregulate (maintain its body temperature), without the metabolism over a wide temperature range. At temperatures above 20 ° C (68 ° F), an emperor penguin can be excited as his body temperature and metabolic rate increases to increase the heat loss. Raising his wings and exposing the bottom increases the load on the body surface to the air by 16%, facilitating further heat loss. The emperor penguin is "least concern" as a type listed by the IUCN. Together with nine other species of penguins, it is currently under consideration for inclusion under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.

Through the application of mathematical models to predict how it would affect the loss of sea ice from global warming, a large colony of emperor penguins at Terre Adelie, Antarctica, they predicted a decline of 87% in the colony's population by the end of the century from the current 3000 breeding pairs in the colony of 400 breeding pairs. The decrease can throughout the Emperor Penguin population are mirrored, estimated at about 200,000 breeding pairs.

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Harp Seal

Beauty Of Animal | Harp Seal | The harp seal or seal gable roof is a species of earless seal native to the northern Atlantic Ocean and adjacent parts of the Arctic Ocean. The harp seal has a black face with silver-gray body. His eyes are pure black. It has black harp-shaped or wishbone markings on the back. They show little sexual dimorphism. The baby harp seals (puppy) has a yellowish-white fur at birth, but after three days, the white coat and remains white for about 12 days. Adult harp seals are up to 1.7 to 2.0 meters (5 to 6 feet) long and weigh only 140 to 190 kg (300 to 400 pounds).

Physiology of Harp Seal
Harp seals combine anatomical and behavioral approaches to managing their body temperature, but raises its metabolic rate and energy needs. A thick layer of fat insulates the body and provides energy when food is scarce or during fasting. Blubber also streamlines its body for more efficient swimming. . On the ice, the seal of his body and its foreflippers hindflippers to press together to reduce heat loss. Vision is the critical point. His eye is proportionally large and contains a large spherical lens, increasing its focusing ability. . Without tear ducts, it "calls" to remove his tears. On ice, the mother recognizes her offspring by smell.

Life history of  Harp Seal
Prefer to swim in the sea harp seals spend relatively little time in the country. These are extremely social animals, and they can also be very loud. On the ice, puppies call their mothers by "yelling" and "mumble" while playing with others. Warn adults to "growl" and "twittering" other. Under water, express yourself with more than 19 adult types of calls during the court and the pairing

Reproduction of Harp Seal

Annually thereafter, they carry a puppy, usually in late February. The fertilized egg grows into a spherical embryos place the implants in the uterus after three months or so to allow birth, while sufficient ice is present. Newborn pups weigh about 11 kilograms (24 lb) and are 80-85 centimeters (31-33 inches) long. After birth, the mother only feeds the puppies.  

 

During the 12 days lactation, the mother does not eat, lose up to 3 kilograms (7 pounds) per day. Harp Seal milk contains up to 48% fat, so pups about 2.2 kg (4.9 lb) per day to win. During this period the juvenile is growing "Greycoat" in white below the neonatal coat and he weighs 80 pounds (36 kg). Weaning is abrupt, the mother of nursing in the promiscuous mating, so that the pups on the ice behind. . "Juveniles molt several times, creating a" spotted harp ", before the adult harp marked fur is produced entirely after a few years (or not at all in women).

 

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