Numbat

Beauty Of Animal | Numbat | Numbat is a marsupial carnivore, so distinctive. It is not closely related to any living marsupials (the one closest relatives are now extinct thylacine or Tasmanian tiger), did not have a pocket, and is one of only two marsupials to be active exclusively during the day. It is also the only marsupial to feed strictly on social insects: people suck about 20,000 termites a day with a long, sticky tongue. Once widespread throughout Australia, the species is now extinct in more than 99% of the range of the former, especially as a result of the introduction of foxes by European settlers and fire regime changes. Extensive conservation efforts are being made to rescue the two remaining natural populations, while conservation breeding and reintroduction program has successfully established populations in the range of six former numbat it.

Numbat is a small carnivorous marsupial. Sleek, graceful body, reddish brown fur or gray-brown, and black and white ribbons on the back and buttocks gives a very distinctive appearance. Individuals can be identified by their unique pattern of bands. There is a conspicuous white cheek stripe bordered dark stripe running through each other's eyes. Numbats have long, bushy tails that they sometimes straighter, giving the appearance of a bottle brush. Head is flat, and narrow, pointed snout. Slender tongue can be extended at least 100 mm. The front legs have five toes and the hind feet have four, all bearing strong claws.

Numbat previously occurred in many parts of southern Australia. However, since the time of European colonization has decreased dramatically and is now extinct in more than 99% of the former range. In the late 1970s the species had collapsed only in isolated populations in southwestern Western Australia and even some of them have since disappeared. Only two native populations still survive, one in Dryandra Woodland and the other in Perup Nature Reserve. The two sites are separated by 150 km of unsuitable habitat.

There reintroduced populations in Dragon Rocks Nature Reserve, Batalling the State Forest Preserve Tutanning and Boyagin Nature Reserve (all of Western Australia). There are two fenced, reintroduced population, Yookamurra Sanctuary (South Australia) and Scotia Sanctuary (New South Wales). Numbat is the epitome of Western Australia and mammals listed as threatened species under the Australian Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). All areas where there are protected. Australia Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) produces species recovery plan in 1994 and the Numbat Recovery Team was formed to implement the recommended conservation measures.

The main conservation measures include the monitoring of existing populations, captive breeding and reintroduction, and the predator control program. In 1985, this species is only known from Dryandra and Perup, but captive breeding and reintroduction program has resulted in the creation of six reintroduced population, greatly help to reduce the risks to this species. 

For example, Perth Zoo, as part of his native Species Breeding Programme, the breed numbats for release into protected habitat. To date, more than 100 numbats have been bred for release into the wild. Five of the six was reintroduced populations stable (though perhaps not independently), while Dryandra population is declining.

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Riverine Rabbit

Beauty Of Animal | Riverine Rabbit | This rabbit lives in one of the few areas of the Karoo Desert suitable for conversion to agriculture, and as a result has lost virtually all its habitat to farming. Less than 250 individuals survive, and all occur on privately owned land where they come under further pressure from hunting, trapping, and predation by feral dogs and cats. An extremely slow breeder (for a rabbit), the species is finding it almost impossible to recover from these losses, and is in desperate need of conservation attention.

The order Lagomorpha contains two families, the Ochotonidae (pikas) and Leporidae (rabbits and hares). These families are thought to have diverged during the late Eocene, 35-38 million years ago. The Leporidae comprises two groups: the jackrabbits and hares of the genus Lepus, and the rabbits in the remaining ten genera. Recent molecular data indicates that most rabbit and hare genera arose from a single rapid diversification event during the Miocene (between 12 and 16 million years ago). Bunolagus monticularis is the sole species in the genus Bunolagus.

Size:
Head and body length: 337-470 mm:
Tail length: 70-108 mm:
Ear length: 107-124 mm
Weight: 1.0-1.5 kg

This species has large moveable ears, and can be easily identified by the dark brown stripe running from the corner of the mouth and across the cheek towards the base of the ear. Its limbs are short and heavily furred, and it has a broad club-like hind foot. Its fur is cream-coloured on the belly and throat, and it has a uniformly brown woolly tail. Male riverine rabbits weigh approximately 1.5 kg and females 1.8 kg.

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African Wild Ass

Beauty Of Animal | African Wild Ass | The African wild ass is a hardy animal which is well adapted to desert life. It can sustain water loss of up to 30% of its body weight, and can drink enough water in two to five minutes to restore fluid loss. The species was domesticated about 6,000 years ago, and is mentioned frequently in the Bible. Domestic donkeys are now found all over the world, yet only a few hundred of their wild ancestors survive. Populations of wild asses are decreasing as a result of hunting, competition with livestock for limited desert resources, and hybridization with domestic donkey.

The African wild ass is primarily active in the cooler hours between late afternoon and early morning, seeking shade and shelter amongst the rocky hills during the day.  Swift and sure-footed in their rough, rocky habitat, the African wild ass has been clocked at 50 kmph / 30 mph.  Mature males defend large territories around 23 square kilometers in size, marking them with dung heaps - an essential marker in the flat, monotonous terrain.  Due to the size of these ranges, the dominant male cannot exclude other males.

 Rather, intruders are tolerated - recognized and treated as subordinates, and kept as far away as possible from any of the resident females.  In the presence of estrous females the males bray loudly.  Despite being primarily adapted for living in an arid climate, African wild asses are dependent on water, and when not receiving the needed moisture from vegetation they must drink at least once every three days.  However, they can survive on a surprisingly small amount of liquid, and have been known to drink salty or brackish water.
Horses are perissodactyls (odd-toed ungulates), a group of herbivores that also includes rhinoceroses and tapirs. The first horses appeared in the early Eocene of North America, around 56 million years ago. 

 

They were the size of small dogs and had several toes on each foot, unlike the single hooves of modern horses. These early horses closely resembled the ancestors of rhinos and tapirs. They were browsers, and lived in forests and savannas. During the Miocene (25-8 mya) climate change led to a reduction in the amount of forest cover and an increase in grasslands. This was a time of great evolutionary change for the early equids, with many groups evolving larger body sizes and adapting to a grazing lifestyle. Horse diversity peaked in the mid-Miocene (11-9.5 mya), with more than a dozen different genera evolving in many different sizes.

Since that time horse diversity has gradually decreased, with all forms becoming extinct with the exception of the modern horse genus, Equus. This genus first evolved during the North American Pliocene (4.5 to 1.8 million years ago). Members of this successful genus spread throughout Asia, Europe, Africa and South America during the first major glaciations of the late Pliocene (2.6 mya). However, in the late Pleistocene (around 12,000 years ago) all of the New World horse species became extinct, along with most other large mammals in North and South America. Today, wild horses are found only in parts of Africa and Asia. They are classified into four main groups within the genus Equus:

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Lemur

Beauty Of Animal | Lemur | Lemurs are primates native to the island of Madagascar, a large island of the south east coast of Africa. There are about 10 different species of lemurs inhabit the island where lemurs spend most of their time in trees. Lemurs are famous for their large, round eyes and reflective howling screams. Lemur also has a furry, pointy ears and a long tail, with lemurs are often compared to both monkeys and squirrels. 

 

The lemurs will eat most things smaller than fruits, nuts and leaves for insects and spiders and therefore lemurs that have omnivorous diet. Lemur get most of their food from the trees around it, but sometimes it will lemurs feed for grub on the forest floor if they were unlucky in the branches. Black and white Ruffed Lemur, reddish mouse lemur, woolly lemurs, aye aye and ring tailed lemur is one of the most common species of lemur found in Madagascar.

although the Aye Aye lemur species considered to be very different from the others, especially since the middle finger length aye aye uses to get food out of the hole. There are four main types of lemurs contains nearly 100 different subspecies of lemur among them. The biggest threat to lemurs is deforestation, with about 90% of Madagascar's forests have been destroyed. This means that the population is declining rapidly due lemur lemurs have fewer trees to make log homes

 

The Madagascar's top predator, the fossa, is also a major threat to lemurs, such as lemurs are one of the favorite foods a fossa. Lemurs have fast reactions and very agile allowing fossa to try to escape, but the fossa is a fast animal very stubborn and lightening, so lemurs generally make dinner. The species most commonly known is the ring tailed lemur lemur. with a very distinctive lemurs with markings of black and white rings on the tail lemur. Ring tailed lemurs have gray feathers and white ear tufts.

Lemur small-medium sized adult primates with lemurs grew up about 70 cm (plus their long tails that are often nearly all the lemur's body). Lemur also has sharp claws on their feet that allow the lemurs to hold the branches of a tree, very useful when the lemurs are trying to escape from the hungry fossa. 

 

Lemurs are one of the few animals that live in matriarchal society, meaning that female lemurs have more control over the group than male lemurs. Lemur groups, however, behave in a manner very similar to that of other primates as they feed and another man, and sleep close to each other. It is not known why the lemur exhibit a rare form of social structure.

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Kudu

Beauty Of Animal | Kudu | The kudu is a sub-species of antelope are found inhabiting shrub mixed forest and savanna plains in eastern and southern Africa. Kudu is very dependent on the close, dense thicket where the kudu can escape to and hide when they feel threatened. There are two species of the African kudu kudu Lesser and greater kudu. These two species are closely related and have to look very similar in appearance but there are several different ways that lesser kudu kudu larger and can be distinguished from one another. The lesser kudu had ten white stripes running vertically down the lower body where kudu greater kudu can have as between 4 and 12 lines. The big kudu also generally larger than the lower kudu.

Kudu is herbivorous and therefore have a diet completely vegetarian. Kudu looking for food in the forest and surrounding bush bite leaves of trees and shrubs. Kudu also eat other varieties of live plants such as herbs, flowers, fruit, and fruit fall. Kudu is prey to a number of predators such as lions, leopards, cheetahs, wild dogs and a large python that will occasionally hunt kudu smaller and more vulnerable people. Must be able to run very fast but often have trouble running predator that must rely on their fielding ability jump into the woods and forests where large carnivorous predators find it more difficult to pursue them. The must then be used to hide in the woods until the predator has finally given up and left.

Holy living in a small herd of up to 24 people kudu. The herd of kudu mainly composed of women saints and their calves as holy men tend to be solitary and only come together with other saints when it's time to mate. It is known that groups of up to 8 holy men will form the herd but this is very rare. Kudu mating season occurs at the end of the rainy season. The gestation period is about 8 months after the kudu kudu females usually give birth only one baby kudu. The Saints babies tend born around February and March when the grass was the highest and there is plenty of food to help the baby kudu calf to grow.

Kudu has both benefits and suffers from human contact. Humans find easy targets to hunt kudu and due to the fact that the Saints tend to stop and look after their escape. Some of the local tribesmen believe must be a sacred animal and therefore must protect rather than kill it. Human settlement also means that the habitat as amended and kudu kudu had to move to another area. It actually has done the world of good as kudu kudu had driven into areas where there is a better source of water and therefore the food.

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Coelacanth

Beauty Of Animal | Coelacanth | More closely related to tetrapods than stingrays, fish is considered to be transitional species between fish and tetrapods until the first Latimeria specimen was found off the east coast of South Africa, from River Chalumna (now Tyolomnqa) in 1938. Museum curator Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer discovered the fish among the catch of a local fisherman, Captain Hendrick Goosen, on December 23, 1938. A local chemistry professor, JLB Smith, confirmed the importance of fish to the famous cable: "MOST IMPORTANT PRESERVE SKELETON AND GILLS = FISH DESCRIBED"

As a food fish the coelacanth is almost worthless, as a network that delivers oil emits rotten meat taste. Coelacanth survival continues to be threatened by sea commercial trawling. Fish is part of a sea king Sarcopterygii clade, or lobe-finned fish. Externally, there are several characteristics that distinguish from other coelacanth lobe-finned fish. They have a three-lobed tail fin, also called flippers trilobate. A secondary tail that extends past the line and main tail separates the top and bottom of the coelacanth. Cosmoid scale acts as a thick armor that protects the outside of the coelacanth. There are also some internal characteristic that helps in differentiating from another coelacanth lobe-finned fish.

Formed the core of the coelacanth is different from most modern fish, the heart chambers arranged in a straight tube. The coelacanth braincase is 98.5% filled with fat, only 1.5% of the braincase containing brain tissue. Cheek of the coelacanth is unique because very small opercular bone and soft tissue flap holds the opercular. Coelacanth also contains a unique rostral organ in the ethmoid region of the braincase. Also unique to the coelacanth is still there, is the "lungs fat" or fat full single-lobed lung vestigial Sea king fish usually caught when a local fisherman fishing for Oilfish. 

 

Fishermen will sometimes rip Coelacanth is not a Oilfish because they traditionally fish in the evening when Oilfish (and coelacanth) are eaten. Before scientists became interested in coelacanths, they are thrown back into the water if caught. Before the 1980's, this is a problem for coelacanth population. In the 1980s, international aid gave fiberglass boats for local fishermen and fishing out of the area resulted in a more productive Coelacanth fish waters.

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Chimpanzee

 Beauty Of Animal | Chimpanzee | The Chimpanzee is a species of ape that is natively found in a variety of different habitats in western and central Africa. There are two different species of Chimpanzee which are the Common Chimpanzee and the smaller Bonobo (also known as the Pygmy Chimpanzee) which has a limited distribution south of the Congo River. However, despite being highly adaptable and intelligent creatures, Chimpanzees are severely threatened in their natural habitats today, mainly due to hunting for bushmeat and deforestation.

Chimpanzee Anatomy and Appearance

Chimpanzees are large primates that have long yet sparse black hairs covering their bodies with the exception of their face, palms and the soles of their feet. groups being pushed into smaller and smaller ranges the competition for food and nesting sites increases and conflict can occur both between different groups and amongst individuals who reside in the same community.

Chimpanzee Behaviour and Lifestyle

Chimpanzees are highly sociable animals that spend the daylight hours feeding, playing and grooming with other members of the group. Chimpanzee groups have incredibly complex social structures with the dominant males not necessarily being the strongest individuals but more the ones that can rally together the most supporters. Chimpanzees make nests in the trees at night by folding over branches to provide them with a safe platform on which to sleep, with a new nest being constructed every day.

Chimpanzee Reproduction and Life Cycles

Young Chimpanzees learn the skills they need to survive by watching their mother including what to eat, how to make tools and nest building, along with playing with other young individuals to practise both their grooming and wrestling skills.

Chimpanzee Predators and Threats

Chimpanzee Facts
Kingdom:    Animalia
Phylum:    Chordata
Class:    Mammalia
Order:    Primates
Family:    Hominidae
Genus:    Pan
Scientific Name:    Pan troglodytes
Common Name:    Chimpanzee
Other Name(s):    Common Chimpanzee

Due to the fact that they spend so much time in the trees, Chimpanzees are not at great risk from many of the large predators that are found on the ground. There are however, animals that can live both on the ground and in the trees with Leopards being one of the biggest natural threats to these animals. Chimpanzees are also preyed upon by large species of snake and can be killed by other primates (including other Chimpanzees). Infants are at greater risk than their parents as they have even been known to be captured and eaten by Baboons that share their ranges. The biggest threat to Chimpanzees though is people that have not only hunted them for their meat but have also wiped out vast areas of their natural habitats, meaning fewer trees to eat and rest in.

Chimpanzees are highly sociable and spend much time every day grooming one-another. Not only does this keep them clean and free from parasites but it is also thought to be relaxing for them and strengthens social bonds within the group. Chimpanzees are known to make 30 distinct calls with which they communicate with other members of the group, including the pant-hoot Chimpanzee Relationship with Humans. Chimpanzees and Humans are thought to share a common ancestor that lived around 8 million years ago but Chimpanzees have been severely affected by their closest relatives.

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Caiman Lizard

Beauty Of Animal | Caiman Lizard | The caiman lizard is a medium-sized lizards, natively found in the jungles of South America. The caiman lizard is strongly built and is one of the largest lizard species in the Americas. The caiman lizard is a large and powerfully built lizard known to grow up to 120 inches from his nose to the tip of the tail is there. Today there is only one type of lizard found in South America Cayman, Cayman Islands, the Northern is the lizard.

Caiman lizards are large carnivorous predators to hunt down the only other animals to obtain their nutrients. Snails are the primary source of food for the caiman lizard along with other invertebrates such as insects and crustaceans, and occasionally larger animals such as fish, rodents and amphibians.

Because of its relatively large and one part water, part of tree-dwelling lifestyle, have caiman lizards limited predators in their natural environment. Large predatory mammals, including jaguars are known to hunt caiman lizard along with other large reptiles including snakes and crocodiles.

Although little about the reproduction of the Cayman Lizard is known, they are likely to behave in a similar way as other large lizard species. After mating, female caiman lizards will lay their eggs in a hole on the river bank, they cover up, to place them protect from hungry predators. When the hatch baby caiman lizards, they are entirely independent, since there is no prenatal care of the Cayman Lizard parents.

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Indian Rhinoceros

Beauty Of Animal | Indian Rhinoceros | The Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) is also called one-horned rhinoceros greater one-horned rhinoceros and Asian and belongs to the family Rhinocerotidae. . This species is also heavily built the second largest living rhinoceros, behind only the White Rhinoceros. Males average head and body length of 368-380 cm (12.07 to 12.5 ft) with a shoulder height of 170-185 cm (5.6 to 6.07 feet) while women have an average head and body length of 310-340 cm (10.2 to 11.2 feet) and have a shoulder height of 147-173 cm (4.82 to 5.68 feet). Females weigh about 1,600 kg (3,500 lb) on average, men and normally weigh 2000-2130 kg (4400-4700 lb). Rhino horn is present in individual men and women, but not on newborn young. . Males develop a thick neck-folds

This huge rhinoceros is found in the Terai at the foot of the Himalayas, from Nepal to Bhotan.The Indian rhinoceros forms a variety of social groups. Only adult males in general, except for mating and fighting. Mainly adult females without calves only when, Subadult males and females form groups consistent as well. Young women are a little less social than males. Groups of up to 10 Rhinos gather in wallows-typically with a dominant male and female calves, but no subadult males.

The Indian rhinoceros makes a wide variety of vocalizations. Like all Rhinos, the Indian rhinoceros often defecates near other large leaf piles. The Indian Rhino has pedal scent glands are used to mark their presence on the rhino latrines. In totals, Indian Rhinos are often friendly. . Unlike African Rhinos, the Indian Rhino fights with his incisors, rather than horns.

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Black Rhinoceros

 

Beauty Of Animal | Black Rhinoceros | The name black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) is chosen to distinguish this species from the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). This can be confusing, because the two species actually differ according to color. There are four subspecies of black rhino: South-central (Diceros bicornis minor), the most numerous, which once ranged from central Tanzania south through Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique to northern and eastern South Africa, South west (Diceros bicornis bicornis) which are better adapted to arid and semi-arid savannas of Namibia, southern Angola, western Botswana and western South Africa, East African (Diceros bicornis michaeli), mainly in Tanzania ; and West African (Diceros bicornis longipes) which was declared extinct in November 2011. The native name Keitloa Tswanan be used to describe the diversity of South African black rhino in the posterior horn equal to or longer than the anterior horn.

The adult black rhinoceros stands 150-175 cm (59-69 in) high at the shoulder and from 3.5 to 3.9 m (11-13 ft) long. An adult weighs from 850 to 1600 kg (1,900 to 3,500 lb), exceptionally to 1800 kg (4,000 lb), with women less than men. Two horns on the skull are made of keratin with the larger front horn typically 50 cm long, exceptionally up to 140 cm. Sometimes, the third smaller horn may develop. The black rhino is much smaller than the white rhino, and has a pointed mouth, which they use to grasp leaves and twigs when feeding. During the second half of the 20th century their numbers are severely reduced from an estimated 70 000 in the late 1960s to 2410 only in 1995

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White Rhinoceros

Beauty Of Animal | White Rhinoceros | The white or square-lipped rhinoceros rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) is one of five species of rhinoceros that still exist. It has a wide mouth used for grazing and is the most social of all rhino species. The white rhino includes two subspecies: the southern white rhino, with an estimated 17,460 wild-living animals at the end of 2007 (IUCN 2008), and rarer northern white rhino lot. The northern subspecies has a very small remnant, all in captivity

The white rhinoceros is the largest of the five species of rhinoceros and the world's largest land mammals after the three species of elephant. [16] It has a massive body and large head, short neck and broad chest. The head and body length is 3.7 to 4 m (12-13 ft) in men and from 3.4 to 3.65 m (11 to 12.0 feet) in women, with the tail adding another 70 cm (28 in.) and shoulder height is 1.7 to 1.85 m (5 ft 7 in to 6 ft 0.8) are in men and from 1.6 to 1.77 (5 ft 3 in to 5 ft 10 in) in the female. The animals ranged in weight from 1360 to 3630 typically kg (3,000 to 8,000 pounds).

The male, with an average of 2,300 kg (5,100 lb) heavier than females, averaging 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). The largest recorded white rhinoceros was about 4,500 kg (9900 pounds). On its snout it has two horn-like growths, one behind the other. These are made of keratin solid, they differ from the horns of bovids (cows and their relatives), who keratin with a bony core, antlers and of solid bone. The front horn is larger and averages 90 cm (35 in.) long, reaching as much as 150 cm (59 in).

The white rhinoceros also includes prominent hump on the back of his neck. Each of the four feet Stumpy has three toes. The body color ranges from yellowish brown to slate gray. His hair is just the ears and tail edges hedge. White rhinos have distinctive wide, straight mouth that is used for grazing. Ears can move independently to raise sounds but it depends above all on smell. The olfactory passages which are responsible for the smell more than the whole brain. The white rhinoceros the nostrils set on the widest of any land animal.

White rhinoceroses are found in grassland and savannah habitat. Grass herbivore browsers, preferring the shortest grains, the white rhinoceros is one of the most pure browsers. Drinking water twice a day if available, but if dry conditions can live four or five days without water. He spends about half the day eating, one third resting, and the rest of the day doing various other things. White rhinoceroses, as all species of rhino, love wallowing in mudholes to cool down.White rhinoceroses produce sounds that include contact blown call, grunts and snorts during courtship, squeals of distress, and deep bellows or growls when threatened. Threat displays (in males mostly) include dried corn on the ground and his head low posture with ears back, along with snarl threats and shrieking if attacked. The white rhinoceros is fast and agile and can run 50 km / h (31 mph).

 

White rhinoceroses live in accidents or up to 14 herds of animals (usually mostly female). Sub-adult males will congregate, often in conjunction with an adult female. Bulls Most adults only. Bulls dominant marking their territory with urine and faeces. The leaves are placed in well defined piles. It can be between 20 and 30 of these piles to alert passing rhinoceroses it its territory. Another way of marking their territory in their horns on bushes or dry ground and scrapes with its feet before urine spraying. They do this about 10 times an hour while patrolling territory. The same ritual as urine marking except without spraying is also commonly used. The territorial male will scrape-mark every 30 m (98 ft) or less around its territory boundary. Subordinate Legislation men do not identify territory. The most serious fights break out over mating rights relating to a female. Female territory is overlapped extensively and are not protected.

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Yeti Crab

Beauty Of Animal | Yeti Crab  | Yeti Crab  (Kiwa hirsuta) is a crustacean discovered in 2005 in the South Pacific Ocean. This decapod, which is approximately 15 cm (6 inches) long, is notable for the quantity of silky blond setae (resembling fur) covering its pereiopods (thoracic legs, including claws). Its discoverers dubbed it the "yeti lobster" or "yeti crab"

K. hirsuta was discovered in March 2005 by a group organised by Robert Vrijenhoek of the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute in Monterey, California, using the submarine DSV Alvin, operating from RV Atlantis. The discovery was announced on the 7th of March, 2006. It was found 1,500 km (900 miles) south of Easter Island in the South Pacific, at a depth of 2,200 m (7,200 feet), living on hydrothermal vents along the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge Based on both morphology and molecular data, the species was deemed to form a new genus and family (Kiwaidae). The animal has strongly reduced eyes that lack pigment, and is thought to be blind.

The 'hairy' pincers contain filamentous bacteria, which the creature may use to detoxify poisonous minerals from the water emitted by the hydrothermal vents where it lives. Alternatively, it may feed on the bacteria, although it is thought to be a general carnivore. Its diet also consists of green algae and small shrimp.

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